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Wednesday 14 September 2022

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)

 


In 2006, during the United Progressive Alliance Regime under the leadership of Prime Minister, Mr. Manmohan Singh, the Government of India initiated National Tribal Policy. The primary aim of the policy was to correct several mishaps of the earlier policies centering on the Tribal population of the country. It became particularly intriguing because of the rising concern in areas like Red Corridor where Maoist insurgency was on the rise that became a threat to the integrity of the country. The overall goal of the National tribal Policy was to bring tribes into the ‘mainstream’. This policy sees Neheruvian Panchsheel as rather abstract ideas and puts thrust on the target orientation and specifications in the ‘development’ of the Tribal population. The following issues were prioritized in the National Tribal Policy:

·         Formal education

·         Traditional wisdom

·         Health infrastructure

·         Displacement and resettlement issues

·         Forest and villages

·         Shifting cultivation

·         Land alienation

·         Intellectual property rights

·         Tribal languages

 

This policy focuses on Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs) which is since then revised as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).  

Definition:

PVTGs constitute the most vulnerable section among tribals and inhabit isolated, remote and difficult areas in small and scattered hamlets/ habitats. The scheme aims at planning their socio-economic development in a comprehensive manner while retaining the culture and heritage of the community by adopting habitat development approach and intervening in all spheres of their social and economic life, so that a visible impact is made in improvement of the quality of life of PVTGs. During the Fourth Five Year Plan, a sub-category was created within Scheduled Tribes to identify the most vulnerable groups which were considered to be at the lowest levels of development. Consequently, on the basis of the Dhebar Commission report, a criterion for identifying Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups was established as:

·         Pre-agricultural level of technology,

·         Low level of literacy,

·         Economic backwardness,

·         A declining or stagnant population.

 

Policy Thrust for PVTGs

Activities which are prioritized under the PVTGs include:

a)      Livelihood,

b)      Employment opportunities and economic development of PVTGs through Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Dairy, and Skilling/ Vocational Training

c)      Education, (Literacy, Drop-out, Residential schools in addition to SSA/RMSA).

d)      Health, (Gap filling for effective health service delivery beyond NHM etc).

e)      Provision of safe drinking water (gap filling where line Ministries do not provide complete/universal coverage),

f)       Land distribution, land development,

g)      Social security,

h)      Housing and Habitat,

i)        Connectivity (Road and Telecommunication),

j)        Supply of Electricity (gap filling where line Ministries do not provide complete/universal coverage), Solar power, with provision of maintenance,

k)      Irrigation (gap filling where line Ministries do not provide complete/universal coverage),

l)        Urban Development,

m)    Culture,

n)      Sports including traditional and tribal games and sports,

o)      Any other innovative activity for the comprehensive socio-economic development of PVTGs

For detailed description of the Policy prescription follow this link: https://tribal.nic.in/downloads/NGO/Latter-Notice/14.pdf

 

List of the PVTGs

 

 STATE

            TRIBES FOUND

Andhra Pradesh and Telangana

Bodo Gadaba, Bondo Poroja, Chenchu, Dongria Khond,  Gutob Gadaba, Khond Poroja, Kolam, Kondareddis, Konda Savaras, Kutia Khond, Parengi Poroja, thoti

Bihar and Jharkhand

Asurs, Birhor, Birjia, Hill Kharia, Konvas, Mal Paharia, Parhaiyas, Sauda Paharia, Savar

Gujarat

Kathodi, Kohvalia, Padhar, Siddi, Kolgha

Karnataka

Jenu Kuruba, Koraga

Kerala

Cholanaikayan (a section of Kattunaickans), Kadar, Kattunayakan, Kurumbas, Koraga

Madhya Pradesh and

Chhattisgarh

Abujh Macias, Baigas,  Bharias, Hill Korbas, Kamars, Saharias, Birhor

Maharashtra

Katkaria (Kathodia), Kolam, Maria Gond

Manipur

Marram Nagas

Odisha

Birhor, Bondo, Didayi, Dongria-Khond, Juangs, Kharias, Kutia Kondh, Lanjia Sauras, Lodhas,  Mankidias, Paudi Bhuyans, Soura, Chuktia Bhunjia

Rajasthan

Seharias

Tamil Nadu

Kattu Nayakans, Kotas, Kurumbas, Irulas, Paniyans, Todas

Tripura

Reangs

Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand

Buxas, Rajis

West Bengal

Birhor, Lodhas, Totos

Andaman and nicobar islands

Great Andamanese, Jarawas, Onges, Sentinelese, Shorn Pens

 

 

 

1 comment:

  1. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307167994_How_the_Lodhas_became_Criminal_or_meeting_of_the_past_and_the_present

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